Demystifying Paralympic Classification
The Paralympic Games use a classification system to ensure fair competition by grouping athletes based on how their impairment affects their sport performance. This system is often represented by letters and numbers, such as T45, F11, or S3, which can be confusing to those unfamiliar with the rules.
The letters indicate the sport, like “S” for swimming or “T” for track events, while the numbers signify the level or type of impairment. For example, in swimming, a class labeled “S14” involves athletes with an intellectual impairment, with lower numbers indicating more severe impairments.
Types of Impairments and Classifications

Paralympic athletes fall into one of ten impairment types, which include physical, vision, and intellectual impairments. Different sports have specific requirements for classification, and not all sports are open to all impairment types.
For instance, blind football is restricted to those with visual impairments, while swimming is open to all types.
The Classification Process
Athletes undergo a classification process that includes medical assessments, technical tests, and sport-specific evaluations. This ensures they are placed in the appropriate class.
However, classifications can change over time, and athletes or officials can appeal or challenge decisions.
Source abc.net